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Information on the Euro Currency

The European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) Euro Currency Unit

Euro On January 1, 1999, eleven of the countries in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) decided to give up their own currencies and adopt the Euro (EUR) currency: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. The Vatican City also participated in that changeover. Greece followed suit on January 1, 2001, Slovenia on January 1 2007, and Malta and Cyprus on January 1, 2008.

It is worth noting that any place that previously used one or more of the currencies listed below has now also adopted the Euro. This applies to the Principality of Andorra, the Principality of Monaco, and the Republic of San Marino. This of course applies automatically to any territories, departments, possessions, or collectivities of Euro-zone countries, such as the Azores, Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Europa Island, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Juan de Nova, the Madeira Islands, Martinique, Mayotte, Reunion, Saint-Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, to name just a few.

Euro bank notes and coins began circulating in the above countries on January 1, 2002. At that time, all transactions in those countries were valued in Euro, and the "old" notes and coins of these countries were gradually withdrawn from circulation. The precise dates that each "old" currency ceased being legal tender are noted in the table below.

Official Fixed Euro Rates for Participating Countries These are the exact official rates used in conversion.
Legacy (Old) Currency
Conversion to Euro
Conversion from Euro
Legal Tender Ends
ATS Austria, Schilling ATS / 13.7603 = EUR EUR × 13.7603 = ATS February 28, 2002
BEF Belgium, Franc BEF / 40.3399 = EUR EUR × 40.3399 = BEF February 28, 2002
CYP Cyprus, Pound CYP / 0.585274 = EUR EUR × 0.585274 = CYP January 31, 2008
DEM Germany, Deutsche Mark DEM / 1.95583 = EUR EUR × 1.95583 = DEM February 28, 2002
ESP Spain, Peseta ESP / 166.386 = EUR EUR × 166.386 = ESP February 28, 2002
FIM Finland, Markka FIM / 5.94573 = EUR EUR × 5.94573 = FIM February 28, 2002
FRF France, Franc FRF / 6.55957 = EUR EUR × 6.55957 = FRF February 17, 2002
GRD Greece, Drachma GRD / 340.750 = EUR EUR × 340.750 = GRD February 28, 2002
IEP Ireland, Pound IEP / 0.787564 = EUR EUR × 0.787564 = IEP February 9, 2002
ITL Italy, Lira ITL / 1936.27 = EUR EUR × 1936.27 = ITL February 28, 2002
LUF Luxembourg, Franc LUF / 40.3399 = EUR EUR × 40.3399 = LUF February 28, 2002
MTL Malta, Lira MTL / 0.429300 = EUR EUR × 0.429300 = MTL January 31, 2008
NLG The Netherlands, Guilder (also called Florin) NLG / 2.20371 = EUR EUR × 2.20371 = NLG January 28, 2002
PTE Portugal, Escudo PTE / 200.482 = EUR EUR × 200.482 = PTE February 28, 2002
SIT Slovenia, Tolar SIT / 239.640 = EUR EUR × 239.640 = SIT January 14, 2007
VAL Vatican City, Lira VAL / 1936.27 = EUR EUR × 1936.27 = VAL February 28, 2002

For convenience, and because their values are now irrevocably set against the Euro as listed above, the XE.com Universal Currency Converter will continue to support these units even after their withdrawal from circulation. In addition, most outgoing Euro currencies will still be physically convertible at special locations for a period of several years. For details, refer to the official Euro site as listed in the Relevant Links section below.

Also note that the Euro is not just the same thing as the former European Currency Unit (or "ECU"), which used to be listed in our services as "XEU". The ECU was a theoretical "basket" of currencies rather than a currency in and of itself, and no "ECU" bank notes or coins ever existed. At any rate, the ECU has been replaced by the Euro, which is a bona fide currency.

A note about spelling and capitalization: the official spelling of the EUR currency unit in the English language is "euro", with a lower case "e". However, the overwhelmingly prevailing industry practise to spell it "Euro", with a capital "E". Since other currency names are capitalized in general use, doing so helps differentiate the noun "Euro", meaning EUR currency, from the more general adjective "euro", meaning anything even remotely having to do with Europe. This is particularly pervasive in marketing and advertising, where it is common to read statements like, "Try new Goop™ hair gel with genuine euro style and hold!" Nevertheless, this linguistic nuance is very subtle, even for native English speakers. it is also important to note that many languages have different official spellings of the name or EUR unit, which also may or may not coincide with general use.

For more information on the EUR, we encourage you to visit the Websites listed below, particularly the official one. These sites include recent news on the Euro as well as issues like implementation, spelling, legislation, and many more.

Answers to Common Questions

Relevant Links

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